Russia is widely seen as an “adversary” or “rival” by Europeans
In ECFR’s latest polling report, Ivan Krastev and Mark Leonard analyse how attitudes to Russia have changed
Russia is widely seen as an “adversary” or “rival” by Europeans
In ECFR’s latest polling report, Ivan Krastev and Mark Leonard analyse how attitudes to Russia have changed
Russia’s hybrid warfare is conducted on a large scale. As such, it is less demanding, but it can be just as persuasive, or even achieve better results than a direct war.
Russia has a policy of maintaining extremely large ammunition stocks. This policy dates back to the Soviet regime and pays particular attention to artillery ammunition.
Russia is in need of at least one victory – a small victory, even if it ruins everything in Bachmut and simply kills every civilian there
Ramping up production by 50 percent would be easy, with more worker shifts, even if there are sometimes supply problems for key ingredients
Russia has gone from an authoritarian country to a more or less totalitarian one. How different opinions are punished, social and media organizations simply shut down.
Russia has at least succeeded in blocking the Western interpretation of the conflict in the global South
He wants to appear as a strong leader who represents Turkey’s interests, etc., in an election campaign context.
We failed to increase production already last year
Politicians did not believe, from the government to the opposition, that there would be a full invasion