North Africa

Views from the capitals: The Libya conference in Berlin

ECFR’s national offices explore whether the conference marks a fresh beginning for Europe’s engagement with war-torn Libya

How Italy was marginalised in Libya

Italy has achieved little through independent diplomacy in Libya. It may have more success by acting within a European framework

How to repair Europe’s credibility in Libya

European countries and the EU can still use the strength of their diplomatic assets to reassert their influence in Libya. But they will first need to overcome their internal divisions to do so.      

Turkey in Libya: Filling the European vacuum

Europeans could still keep Libya a multilateral affair, if they can bring France onto a shared platform – and deploy newfound unity to draw American influence back in

Germany’s quiet leadership on the Libyan war

Although Germany’s mediation role in the Libyan conflict has received relatively little attention so far, this might change if its initiative leads to a peace conference – or, alternatively, a collapse of the political process