Europe’s vulnerability on Russian gas
European member states have different degrees of exposure to disruption of supplies from Russia, which must be addressed to secure the future of the EU's Energy Union
Wider Europe
View from Dublin: A “wait and see” approach
Ireland’s calculus on sanctions is informed by its economic ties to Russia and its need to forge stronger EU ties ahead of a potential Brexit
Voices on Ukraine, voices of Ukraine part 2 – Svitlana Zalishchuk
ECFR's Policy Fellow and Associate Director of the Madrid office, Francisco de Borja Lasheras, and Svitlana Zalishchuk, Ukrainian MP and member of the Poroshenko…
How Russia has come to loathe the West
In the quarter century of post-Soviet development, resentment towards the West has been accumulating to a broad, genuine and raw hatred
View from London: Elections approach, Ukraine looms
The UK supports sanctions, but the Ukraine crisis has become a political football in the campaign for the upcoming general elections
View from Warsaw: Sanctions are the EU’s only tool
Poland is more moderate on Russia policy than hawks might have hoped, preferring the use of sanctions to any military option
View from Vienna: Austria is again on the sceptical side
Austria is still sceptical about sanctions, but it will not challenge the bigger EU states without support
View from Berlin: Germany leads the EU on Russia sanctions
Merkel's tireless diplomacy has made Germany the driver of EU policy on sanctions
View from Bratislava: Slovakia changes course on Russia
Slovakia has taken steps to diversify its economic interests away from Russia, which has altered its calculus on sanctions
View from Rome: Sanctions should be accompanied by dialogue
Italy has been hard hit by sanctions on Russia, but it has held the European line, while still promoting further dialogue