The EU needs to look strategically at what resources European countries can marshal together ahead of this winter to avoid piecemeal requests for goodwill and help from one member state to another
In her op-ed, Susi Dennison addresses how energy independence from Russia is Europe’s only solution to avoid a deep freeze
Each additional system that NATO countries can deliver […] adds to Ukraine’s defensive capability
Many experts warned successive German governments about what they were getting into by increasing dependence on Russian gas
As the geopolitical environment is changing, these dependencies now are creating real risks
Europe can meet and actively shape the global challenges that have resulted from interdependence
It’s an attempt to make Western countries violate the sanctions regime they themselves imposed on Russia
Economic sanctions can only be one tool in the toolbox for enforcing global peace
Jonathan Hackenbroich provides us context relating to the historic use of sanctions and insights into how the current sanctions policies are being shaped by geopolitical movements of the past decades
Jonathan Hackenbroich explains how countries leverage economic interdependence to apply political pressure as well as giving insight into the bloc’s unprecedented response to rising instances of economic coercion
I think the conflict will remain localized. However, its effects on energy, value chains and migration flows – inter alia – are global.
Arturo Varvelli explains how the Russian threat has changed the perceptions of risk of European countries, and what is the impact of the war in Ukraine on Europe
Those who already saw Russia as a threat at the beginning of February considered European sovereignty particularly desirable
ECFR examined the EU’s mood on the eve of the invasion of Ukraine
