France’s support for EU and NATO enlargement could be transformational for European security. But domestic unrest and sniping by others could undermine French steadfastness on these major questions
While Spain’s People’s Party leads the polls, obscure alliances and voter concerns leave the country’s future direction – and its impact on next year’s European Parliament elections – uncertain
Germany’s first ever national security strategy contained few big surprises – but the country’s NATO partners can still draw three key lessons from the document
Under the guise of fighting “Russian influence”, the Polish government is preparing to attack and disqualify its opponents
An effective sanctions campaign in wartime needs to be linked to a strategic industrial policy and technology control agenda in peacetime
The longer that Ankara delays Swedish membership of NATO, the harder it may become to sustain public support and prepare effective Baltic defence
Poland will need to expand the boundaries of its influence in order to transform its wartime political capital into real leadership in the EU
Newly released investigations have shed light on how corruption and the weak rule of law in Bulgaria enable Russian influence to thrive
To develop a new approach to defence, European states need to bury their longstanding disputes and learn from Ukrainians’ experiences on the battlefield
The Meloni government has largely adopted a ‘Russia-pragmatic’ approach to its EU and Ukraine policies. But pressure over migration within the coalition could harm relations with other European states